Shareholders of Japan’s biggest and third-ranked steelmakers on Tuesday approved the two companies’ merger, which will create the world’s second-largest steel firm. The tie-up between Nippon Steel and Sumitomo Metal Industries will create a steel giant second will create a steel firm second only to world steel giant ArcelorMittal (Credit Photo @ All Voices)
Sep. 29, 2012 – Nippon Steel Corp. and Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd. will merge on Oct. 1 to become Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp., 42 years after the creation of Nippon Steel Corp., then the largest steelmaker in the world. The new company will have the world’s second largest crude steel output. But its size is still about half that of European giant ArcelorMittal, and competition with Chinese and South Korean rivals with close output figures has been intensifying.
The new steelmaker will face many hurdles.
At a press conference on Sept. 20, Sumitomo Metal Industries President Hiroshi Tomono, who will be the new company’s president and chief operating officer, said that the merged firm will “start under bad [business] circumstances. “Though our products are overwhelming in quality, the remaining problem is [production] costs,” he said.
Though our products are overwhelming in quality, the remaining problem is [production] costs
Sumitomo Metal Industries President Hiroshi Tomono
In April, there was an incident that symbolized changes in business circumstances for major Japanese steelmakers. For the first time, a foreign steelmaker joined Kyohokai, an industrial association comprising the main suppliers for Toyota Motor Corp., the largest client for the new steelmaker. That company was South Korea’s POSCO, which is the world’s fourth-largest steelmaker. One advantage of Kyohokai membership is that member companies can exchange information with Toyota executives in charge of procurement of steel products. Toyota and Nippon Steel have held the power to decide prices of steel products as the biggest firms in their respective industrial sectors. But the rise of POSCO, which can sell steel products at lower prices backed by the low value of the won, will be a big threat to Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal.
The rise of POSCO, which can sell steel products at lower prices backed by the low value of the won, will be a big threat to Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal
The largest advantage of Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal is its technological capability. Its international patent publications from 2006 to 2010 numbered 908, a figure much higher than POSCO’s 234 and ArcelorMittal’s 100. But Nippon Steel is feeling POSCO’s heat in production of products requiring high-level technologies such as magnetic steel sheets. The products are used in core parts of power generators and motors. As manufacturing this kind of product requires high-level technologies, Japanese steelmakers hold certain advantages. In April, Nippon Steel filed a damage lawsuit against POSCO demanding 100 billion yen in compensation, alleging that technologies to manufacture directional magnetic steel sheets, which are used in voltage inverters of electric power substations, were unlawfully leaked by its former employees. A Toyota executive said, “POSCO has made solid achievements, and so we are asking it to increase supply.
“POSCO has made solid achievements, and so we are asking it to increase supply.”
A Toyota executive
” Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., a major shipbuilder and heavy machinery manufacturer, has also begun using steel products made by Chinese and South Korean makers for its shipbuilding. In Asia, Chinese and South Korean makers have numerous plans to build huge steel plants.
In Asia, Chinese and South Korean makers have numerous plans to build huge steel plants.
In Indonesia, POSCO plans to build one such plant to be completed in 2013. In Guangdong Province, China, the country’s Baosteel Group Corp. began in May to construct a huge steel plant with an annual output capacity of 10 million tons. Among Japanese steelmakers, JFE Steel Corp. plans to start production in Vietnam in a joint venture with a Taiwan company in 2016. In 2011, global crude steel output was 1.5 billion tons. Industry sources predict that annual total output capacity in Asia will increase by nearly 100 million tons in the coming years. The figure is equivalent to the total of major Japanese steelmakers’ domestic output in 2011. However, demand for steel products will likely fall, as impacts of the European financial crises are spreading to China and other emerging economies. If steel products fall into oversupply, it is feared that prices will plummet and steelmakers will enter survival races. Thus Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal will need to increase production in other countries where production costs are low. But the new company has many steel plants in Japan and has not presented a clear business policy regarding this point. A Nippon Steel executive said, “About doing businesses overseas, we’ll discuss it from now on.” Steel manufacturing plants are closely connected with local economies, and closing them will directly affect local governments’ tax revenues and employment conditions. It is possible that business realignment plans will not progress smoothly due to opposition from such local communities.
Source : Daily Yomiuri